中華科技大學 英語學習月刊

C.U.S.T. English E-Monthly 2010 April

 
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English Grammar

感謝張柏芳老師提供

 

各位同學大家好:
英語五大基本句型固然重要,以它們為基礎而發展更複雜、更長的句子。而句子中不可或缺者,有行為者為主詞及行為者所做的事情即動詞。動詞之使用得當與否,有可能與您想表達的句構完整、對錯息息相關;如 「到達」在中文都一樣,但在英文裡就有差異 (get to、arrive in/at、reach)。中文裡「花錢、花時間」,在英文有何不同? 又如何使用才對?這常見及常用的字彙並不困難,只要您費點心思分辨下列三個有關「花錢、花時間」的差異,就可不怕講錯造錯句子。記得要做底下的練習喔! 願您踏出成功的一步! 試比較spend, cost及 take的差異。

 

Example Questions:

(_) 1. It {(A) takes__(B) costs__(C) spends__(D) pays } me 100 dollars to have my hair cut.


(_) 2. Mary {(A) took__(B) spent__(C) cost__(D) paid } lots of money on shoes.


(_) 3. It {(A) takes__(B) costs__(C) pays__(D) spends } him one hour every day to jog.


(_)(_) 4. Jessica {(A) took__(B) spent__(C) cost__(D) paid } three days {(A) to finish_(B) finished_(C) finishing_(D) finish } her report.


(_) 5. They often spend 30 minutes or longer {(A) on__(B) in__(C) with__(D) at }
traveling to and from work.

 

 

 

 

Key:_1. (B)__2. (B)__3. (A)__4. (B)、_(C)_5. (B)

 

point1 spend____spent____spent
point2 spend 當『花費』解,它的主詞都是有生命的個體;極少用it當主詞。
point2 spend 後面可接『時間』或『金錢』當受詞。
point2 spend 後面接『動詞』時;要用v-ing,因為其前介系詞in省略。
__He spent much of his spare time (in) roaming about the streets.
point2spend 後面接『名詞』時;名詞之前的介系詞可用on, for, with。
__She spent $1,000 dollars on her new evening dress.
__He wants to spend his life with music.
point2 spend 後面接『地點名詞』時;地點名詞之前的介系詞可用at, in。

__He spent a day at the beach.


point1 cost___cost___cost
point2 cost 只能當花『金錢』解,沒有花『時間』的意思。
point2 cost的主詞通常是沒有生命的個體或代名詞it。

__Foreign travel costs a lot of money.

__It cost me ten dollars to buy the cage.


point1 take___took___taken
point2 take只能當花『時間』解,沒有花『金錢』的意思。
point2 take的主詞通常是沒有生命的個體或代名詞it。有時也用有生命的個體當主詞。
point2 take若以有生命的個體當主詞,後接不定詞。
__It took me four hours to drive from here to Taipei.

__He took three hours to finish the work. ---遠東英漢大辭典第2134頁。